路由代码示例

TypeScript 示例：通过路由器进行 SDK 驱动的多跳交换，以及原始指令构建。

本页内容由 AI 自动翻译，所有内容以英文版本为准。

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版本信息

• SDK： @raydium-io/raydium-sdk-v2@0.2.42-alpha
• 网络： mainnet-beta
• Router 程序 ID： routeUGWgWzqBWFcrCfv8tritsqukccJPu3q5GPP3xS
• 验证： 2026 年 4 月

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示例 1：SDK 驱动的路由

源代码：src/trade/routeSwap.ts

Raydium SDK 抽象了路由构建逻辑。使用 SDK 的交易函数来组合多跳路由，并通过路由器自动执行。

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设置

import {
  Raydium,
  Router,
  Token,
  TokenAmount,
  toApiV3Token,
  toFeeConfig,
  TxVersion,
} from "@raydium-io/raydium-sdk-v2";
import {
  Connection,
  Keypair,
  PublicKey,
} from "@solana/web3.js";
import { NATIVE_MINT, TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID } from "@solana/spl-token";

const connection = new Connection("https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com", "confirmed");
const wallet = Keypair.fromSecretKey(/* your key bytes */);

const raydium = await Raydium.load({
  connection,
  owner: wallet,                 // the SDK will sign with this Keypair
  cluster: "mainnet",
  disableFeatureCheck: true,
  blockhashCommitment: "finalized",
});

// The router needs a chain-time anchor for CLMM hops.
await raydium.fetchChainTime();

​

构建多跳交换

在 @raydium-io/raydium-sdk-v2 中，路由通过 raydium.tradeV2 公开。端到端流程——获取池数据、计算路由、按输出排序和构建交换交易——如下所示；这与 raydium-sdk-V2-demo/src/trade/routeSwap.ts 中的规范示例相符。

// 1. Choose input/output mints and amount.
const inputMint = NATIVE_MINT;                                     // wSOL
const outputMint = new PublicKey("EPjFWdd5AufqSSqeM2qN1xzybapC8G4wEGGkZwyTDt1v"); // USDC
const inputAmount = "8000000";                                     // 0.008 SOL (lamports)

// 2. Fetch all pool basic info. Cache this aggressively — it's a large RPC fan-out.
const poolData = await raydium.tradeV2.fetchRoutePoolBasicInfo();

// 3. Enumerate every viable route across AMM v4, CPMM, CLMM, and Stable AMM.
const routes = raydium.tradeV2.getAllRoute({
  inputMint,
  outputMint,
  ...poolData,
});

// 4. Hydrate routes with the live RPC state (reserves, ticks, mint info).
const {
  routePathDict,
  mintInfos,
  ammPoolsRpcInfo,
  ammSimulateCache,
  clmmPoolsRpcInfo,
  computeClmmPoolInfo,
  computePoolTickData,
  computeCpmmData,
} = await raydium.tradeV2.fetchSwapRoutesData({
  routes,
  inputMint,
  outputMint,
});

// 5. Compute output amounts for every candidate route. Result is sorted descending by output.
const swapRoutes = raydium.tradeV2.getAllRouteComputeAmountOut({
  inputTokenAmount: new TokenAmount(
    new Token({
      mint: inputMint.toBase58(),
      decimals: mintInfos[inputMint.toBase58()].decimals,
      isToken2022: mintInfos[inputMint.toBase58()].programId.equals(TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID),
    }),
    inputAmount,
  ),
  directPath: routes.directPath.map(
    (p) =>
      ammSimulateCache[p.id.toBase58()] ||
      computeClmmPoolInfo[p.id.toBase58()] ||
      computeCpmmData[p.id.toBase58()],
  ),
  routePathDict,
  simulateCache: ammSimulateCache,
  tickCache: computePoolTickData,
  mintInfos,
  outputToken: toApiV3Token({
    ...mintInfos[outputMint.toBase58()],
    programId: mintInfos[outputMint.toBase58()].programId.toBase58(),
    address: outputMint.toBase58(),
    freezeAuthority: undefined,
    mintAuthority: undefined,
    extensions: { feeConfig: toFeeConfig(mintInfos[outputMint.toBase58()].feeConfig) },
  }),
  chainTime: Math.floor(raydium.chainTimeData?.chainTime ?? Date.now() / 1000),
  slippage: 0.005, // 0.5%
  epochInfo: await raydium.connection.getEpochInfo(),
});

const targetRoute = swapRoutes[0];
if (!targetRoute) throw new Error("no swap routes were found");

// 6. Resolve the pool keys for the chosen route.
const poolKeys = await raydium.tradeV2.computePoolToPoolKeys({
  pools: targetRoute.poolInfoList,
  ammRpcData: ammPoolsRpcInfo,
  clmmRpcData: clmmPoolsRpcInfo,
});

// 7. Build, sign, and execute the swap transaction(s).
const { execute, transactions } = await raydium.tradeV2.swap({
  routeProgram: Router,
  txVersion: TxVersion.V0,
  swapInfo: targetRoute,
  swapPoolKeys: poolKeys,
  ownerInfo: {
    associatedOnly: true,
    checkCreateATAOwner: true,
  },
  computeBudgetConfig: {
    units: 600_000,
    microLamports: 465_915,
  },
});

// `sequentially: true` is important — the first transaction may need to create
// intermediate ATAs that subsequent transactions rely on.
const { txIds } = await execute({ sequentially: true });
console.log("txIds:", txIds);

​

预期行为

SDK 处理以下事项：

• 跨 AMM v4、CPMM、CLMM 和 Stable AMM 的路由发现。
• 账户衍生（池状态、金库、观察账户、ATA 预创建）。
• 当路由是多跳时为路由器程序（Router）进行指令打包，或在单个池已给出最佳价格时进行直接池交换。
• 通过 getAllRouteComputeAmountOut 上的 slippage 参数实施滑点保护。

raydium.tradeV2.swap 可能返回多个 transaction——第一个通常初始化中间 ATA，第二个执行交换本身。始终向 execute() 传递 sequentially: true，以便它们按顺序确认。

---

​

示例 2：原始指令构建（Rust 类伪代码）

如果你需要更好的控制或正在构建一个 CPI 到路由器的程序，请手动构建指令。下面的示例使用标签 8（SwapBaseIn）——推荐的当前变体——并通过用户拥有的 ATA 进行路由。

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场景：USDC → SOL (CPMM) → mSOL (CPMM)

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步骤 1：衍生用户的 ATA

import { getAssociatedTokenAddressSync } from "@solana/spl-token";
import { PublicKey } from "@solana/web3.js";

const ROUTER_PROGRAM_ID = new PublicKey(
  "routeUGWgWzqBWFcrCfv8tritsqukccJPu3q5GPP3xS"
);

const USDC_MINT = new PublicKey(
  "EPjFWdd5AufqSSqeM2qN1xzybapC8G4wEGGkZwyTDt1v"
);
const SOL_MINT = new PublicKey(
  "So11111111111111111111111111111111111111112"
);
const MSOL_MINT = new PublicKey(
  "mSoL1MK4LCEDcTYVhPnD6DHK4PMGQ8WyXDEMXbnQAaW"
);

// User input / intermediate / output ATAs — all owned by the caller.
const user_usdc_ata = getAssociatedTokenAddressSync(USDC_MINT, wallet.publicKey);
const user_sol_ata  = getAssociatedTokenAddressSync(SOL_MINT,  wallet.publicKey, true); // wSOL: allowOwnerOffCurve
const user_msol_ata = getAssociatedTokenAddressSync(MSOL_MINT, wallet.publicKey);

// If the user's intermediate / output ATAs do not yet exist, create them up
// front via the Associated Token Account program (or use CreateSyncNative for
// the wSOL ATA on tag 5).

​

步骤 2：为每个跳点收集账户

跳点 1 是 CPMM 上的 USDC/SOL。跳点 2 是 CPMM 上的 SOL/mSOL。

// Hop 1: USDC/SOL swap on CPMM
const CPMM_PROGRAM_ID = new PublicKey(
  "CPMMoo8L3F4NbTegBCKVNunggL7H1ZpdTHKxQB5qKP1C"
);

// Fetch pool state for USDC/SOL
const usdc_sol_pool = await connection.getParsedAccountInfo(
  USDC_SOL_POOL_STATE
);

// Pool state, authority, vaults, mints, token programs, etc.
// (see products/cpmm/accounts for the full 11-account list)
const hop1_accounts = [
  CPMM_PROGRAM_ID,           // Identifies this as CPMM
  USDC_SOL_POOL_STATE,
  CPMM_AUTHORITY,
  USDC_SOL_VAULT_TOKEN0,
  USDC_SOL_VAULT_TOKEN1,
  USDC_MINT,
  SOL_MINT,
  LP_MINT,
  OBSERVATION_STATE,
  TOKEN_PROGRAM,
  ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM,
  SYSTEM_PROGRAM,
];

// Hop 2: SOL/mSOL swap on CPMM
const sol_msol_pool = await connection.getParsedAccountInfo(
  SOL_MSOL_POOL_STATE
);

const hop2_accounts = [
  CPMM_PROGRAM_ID,           // Identifies this as CPMM
  SOL_MSOL_POOL_STATE,
  CPMM_AUTHORITY,
  SOL_MSOL_VAULT_TOKEN0,
  SOL_MSOL_VAULT_TOKEN1,
  SOL_MINT,
  MSOL_MINT,
  LP_MINT_2,
  OBSERVATION_STATE_2,
  TOKEN_PROGRAM,
  ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM,
  SYSTEM_PROGRAM,
];

​

步骤 3：构建指令

import BN from "bn.js";

// Arguments
const amount_in = new BN(1_000_000_000); // 1000 USDC (6 decimals)
const minimum_amount_out = new BN(500_000_000_000); // 500 mSOL (9 decimals)

// No CLMM hops, so limit_prices is empty
const limit_prices: BN[] = [];

// Pack arguments
let data = Buffer.alloc(1024);
let offset = 0;

// Tag 8: SwapBaseIn (Current variant; empty limit_prices is allowed)
data[offset++] = 8;

// amount_in (u64)
data.writeBigUInt64LE(BigInt(amount_in.toString()), offset);
offset += 8;

// minimum_amount_out (u64)
data.writeBigUInt64LE(BigInt(minimum_amount_out.toString()), offset);
offset += 8;

// limit_prices (VecDeque<u128>) — empty (no CLMM hops in this route).
// Tag 8 accepts an empty deque without error. Write zero entries (no u128s).

data = data.slice(0, offset);

// Construct accounts list — every intermediate ATA is user-owned.
const accounts = [
  { pubkey: user_usdc_ata, isSigner: true,  isWritable: true },
  { pubkey: user_sol_ata,  isSigner: false, isWritable: true },
  { pubkey: user_msol_ata, isSigner: false, isWritable: true },
  ...hop1_accounts.map((pk, i) => ({
    pubkey: pk,
    isSigner: false,
    isWritable: i === 0 ? false : true, // program ID is not writable
  })),
  ...hop2_accounts.map((pk, i) => ({
    pubkey: pk,
    isSigner: false,
    isWritable: i === 0 ? false : true,
  })),
];

const instruction = new TransactionInstruction({
  programId: ROUTER_PROGRAM_ID,
  keys: accounts,
  data,
});

​

步骤 4：发送交易

const { blockhash } = await connection.getLatestBlockhash();

const tx = new VersionedTransaction(
  new TransactionMessage({
    instructions: [instruction],
    payerKey: wallet.publicKey,
    recentBlockhash: blockhash,
  }).compileToV0Message()
);

tx.sign([wallet]);
const sig = await connection.sendTransaction(tx);
await connection.confirmTransaction(sig);

---

​

示例 3：错误处理

常见错误及其恢复方式：

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ExceededSlippage

输出小于 minimum_amount_out。使用更高的滑点容限重试或重新报价路由。

try {
  const sig = await connection.sendTransaction(tx);
} catch (error) {
  if (error.message.includes("ExceededSlippage")) {
    console.log(
      "Route price moved. Re-quote and rebuild transaction."
    );
  }
}

​

SqrtPriceX64 (CLMM)

CLMM 跳点的价格偏离了 limit_prices 边界。更新边界并重试。

​

InvalidOwner

中间或输出 ATA 不由调用者拥有。路由器验证每个槽上的所有权；确保你传递的每个 ATA 都从用户的钱包衍生而来（不是从任何其他权限）。

---

​

提示和最佳实践

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预创建中间 ATA

在第一次通过新中间代币进行路由之前，创建用户的 ATA，以便路由不会验证失败：

import { createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction } from "@solana/spl-token";

const createAtaIx = createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction(
  wallet.publicKey,  // payer
  user_sol_ata,      // ATA to create
  wallet.publicKey,  // owner — always the user
  SOL_MINT,
);

// Bundle createAtaIx into the same transaction as the first route, or send it
// once up front; the rent (~0.002 SOL) is reclaimable later via tag 6
// (CloseTokenAccount) once the ATA is empty.

对于 wSOL，优先选择 CreateSyncNative（标签 5）——它创建 ATA、转移 SOL 并在一条指令中同步。

​

执行前引用报价

在构建指令之前，始终查询池并计算预期输出：

// Pseudocode: get the current pool state and compute price
const pool1State = await connection.getAccountInfo(USDC_SOL_POOL_STATE);
const amount_out_hop1 = computeSwapOutput(
  amount_in,
  pool1State,
  USDC_MINT,
  SOL_MINT
);

const pool2State = await connection.getAccountInfo(SOL_MSOL_POOL_STATE);
const amount_out_hop2 = computeSwapOutput(
  amount_out_hop1,
  pool2State,
  SOL_MINT,
  MSOL_MINT
);

const minimum_amount_out = amount_out_hop2 * 0.99; // 1% slippage

​

使用较新的指令变体（8–9）

标签 8 和 9（SwapBaseIn 和 SwapBaseOut）对 limit_prices 更宽容。如果不需要 CLMM 价格验证，优先选择它们而不是旧版变体。

// Tag 8: SwapBaseIn with optional limit_prices
data[offset++] = 8;
// ... rest of packing; limit_prices deque can be empty

---

​

后续阅读

• products/routing/instructions — 完整指令参考。
• products/routing/accounts — 账户衍生详情。
• products/cpmm/code-demos — CPMM 交换示例以供比较。
• reference/program-addresses — 规范程序 ID 和 devnet 地址。

源代码：

• @raydium-io/raydium-sdk-v2 on npm
• raydium-io/raydium-sdk-V2（开源）
• raydium-io/raydium-sdk-V2-demo — 官方端到端演示，包括 routeSwap.ts
• AMM 路由程序源代码不公开；根据实时 API 和链上字节码验证程序 ID