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This page lists the public addresses used for Raydium protocol fee collection, RAY buybacks, USDC treasury balances, and SOL pool-creation fees. Inspect balances and transfers on-chain before relying on them for accounting.

Flow at a glance

Every address in this flow is public and inspectable.

Protocol multisig

Quick links:

Fee collection addresses

When a swap pays a protocol-side fee, the relevant program accumulates that fee at a collection address. Collection addresses can hold a mixed set of SPL tokens. For example, fees from SOL/USDC pools may produce wSOL and USDC balances, while SOL/RAY pools may produce wSOL and RAY balances. Inspect a collection address with:

RAY buyback holding

Bought-back RAY is held at: Inspect it with:
Historical buyback activity can be reconstructed from incoming transfers and swaps that route into this address.

Treasury addresses

Fees not routed to RAY buybacks can consolidate to USDC treasury addresses. Inspect a treasury address with:

Pool creation fees

Creating a CPMM or Standard AMM v4 pool charges a SOL-denominated pool creation fee. These fees accumulate at program-specific addresses. CLMM pool creation still requires account rent, but it does not use the same separate SOL pool creation fee path.

How to audit a fee flow

Anyone can verify Raydium’s fee flow from public transaction data:
  1. Pull a swap transaction from a Raydium pool.
  2. Identify the pool program: CLMM, CPMM, or Standard AMM v4.
  3. Inspect the fee accounting and token transfers in the transaction.
  4. Match protocol-side movement to the relevant collection address.
  5. Trace outgoing transactions from the collection address.
  6. Match RAY accumulation to DdHDoz...VEZaz or USDC balances to the treasury addresses above.

Reporting discrepancies

If observed routing does not match the addresses listed here, report it through security/disclosure.